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(or 'Il, written ''aleph-lamed'', e.g. , ,〔(''Online Phoenician Dictionary'' )〕 (ヘブライ語:אל), , (アラビア語:إل) or , cognate to ) is a Northwest Semitic word meaning "god" or "deity", or referring (as a proper name) to any one of multiple major Ancient Near East deities. A rarer spelling, "'ila", represents the predicate form in Old Akkadian and in Amorite. The word is derived from the Proto-Semitic archaic biliteral ', meaning "god".〔https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Proto-Semitic/%CA%BEil-〕 Specific deities known as El or Il include the supreme god of the Canaanite religion, the supreme god of the Mesopotamian Semites in the pre-Sargonic period, and the God of the Hebrew Bible. ==Linguistic forms and meanings== Cognate forms are found throughout the Semitic languages. They include Ugaritic ', pl. '; Phoenician ' pl. '; Hebrew ', pl. ; Aramaic '; Akkadian ', pl. '. In northwest Semitic use, ''El'' was both a generic word for any god and the special name or title of a particular god who was distinguished from other gods as being "the god". El is listed at the head of many pantheons. El is the Father God among the Canaanites. However, because the word sometimes refers to a god other than the great god Ēl, it is frequently ambiguous as to whether Ēl followed by another name means the great god Ēl with a particular epithet applied or refers to another god entirely. For example, in the Ugaritic texts, ''ʾil mlk'' is understood to mean "Ēl the King" but ''ʾil hd'' as "the god Hadad". The Semitic root ''ʾlh'' (Arabic ', Aramaic ''ʾAlāh'', ''ʾElāh'', Hebrew ''ʾelōah'') may be ''ʾl'' with a parasitic h, and ''ʾl'' may be an abbreviated form of ''ʾlh''. In Ugaritic the plural form meaning "gods" is ', equivalent to Hebrew ' "powers". But in Hebrew this word also occurs for semantically singular "god".〔 For example: 〕 The stem ''ʾl'' is found prominently in the earliest strata of east Semitic, northwest Semitic, and south Semitic groups. Personal names including the stem ''ʾl'' are found with similar patterns in both Amorite and South Arabic - which indicates that probably already in Proto-Semitic ''ʾl'' was both a generic term for "god" and the common name or title of a single particular god. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「El (deity)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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